John Bute Holmes’s 1874 map illustrates how much the 1811 commissioners borrowed from Goerck’s 1796 plan of the Common Lands, including certain block and street dimensions, but it also highlights the variations in the plans. In Holmes’s map, which depicts the area between 42nd Street, the southern border of the Common Lands, and 59th Street, the dotted line represents Goerck’s plan, a full line denotes the Commissioners’ Plan, and a dash-and-dot line stands for walls built by owners, as surveyed by Isaac T. Ludlam in 1822. The discrepancies between the plans resulted in numerous controversies, which delayed the opening of most roads above 42nd Street until 1836. AR